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聋生习得汉语形容词程度范畴的偏误分析

作者:王玉珍



  毋庸置疑,聋生的汉语表达会受到手语的影响。但是,是否所有的偏误均因此而起?哪些偏误与手语的影响最为相关?手语对汉语习得有无正面影响?根据邓慧兰[6]的研究,整个亚洲从语言学角度去研究手语的文献都较为有限,因此,手语和汉语对比的前提应该是对手语进行语言学的描写和分析,这是当前急需投入力量的环节。作为教材的《中国手语》更确切的说法可能是手语词典,几乎没有涉及词汇以外的层面。《汉语手语语法研究》[7]是迄今为止对手语语法探讨较多的一个研究,当然,语言学背景仍显不足。
  总之,汉语作为聋生第二语言的教学存在诸多不足,其中语言学背景的研究参与不够是一个主要原因。本文希望以聋生习得汉语形容词程度范畴为例,说明语言学理论在聋生汉语教学领域的作用,并以此呼吁特教领域的学科合作。
  
  参考文献
  1 刘德华.聋生书面语中动词及相关成分的异常运用.中国特殊教育,2002,2:43-46
  2 昝飞,马红英.言语语言病理学.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2005.221-223
  3 朱德熙.现代汉语形容词研究.现代汉语语法研究.北京:商务印书馆,1980.26-27
  4 孔令达.影响汉语句子自足的语言形式.中国语文,1994,6:434-440
  5 黄南松.试论短语自主成句所应具备的若干语法范畴.中国语文,1994,6:441-447
  6 邓慧兰.手语语言学与语言习得研究的关系.当代语言学,2002,3:201-224
  7 吴铃.汉语手语语法研究.中国特殊教育,2005,(8):15-22
  
  An Analysis on the Error of Adjective Degree
  Category Acquisition in Deaf Students
  ——Simultaneously on Teaching Chinese as
  Deaf Students' Second Language
  
  LIANG Dandan1 WANG Yuzhen2
  (1.Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097;2.Deaf School in Ganyu Lian Yungang,222100)
  
  AbstractResearch findings of Chinese grammar are used to describe and analyze errors made by deaf students when learning Chinese adjective degree category. The research shows that deaf students usually have problems of category loss and misuse. Errors usually lie in morphosyntax. Errors existed in deaf students' Chinese learning should be congruously explained. Rules should be found out in actual language use, which needs theoretical linguists' participation. Problems that needed to be solved in the field of deaf students' Chinese teaching are: to accumulate actual language use and compile related corpus, to improve teachers' level of linguistics in deaf schools and to compare systematically between natural sign language and Chinese.
  Key wordsadjective degree category acquisition error
  
  (责任编校:吴铃)
  

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