>>> 2008年第5期
Ｒｅｌｉｇｉｏｕｓ Ｒｏｏｔｓ ａｎｄ Ｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌ Ｃｏｎｎｏｔａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｔａｂｏｏｓ ｉｎ Ｕｙｇｈｕｒ
作者：潘帅英
1.While eating. Before each meal, hands are usually washed for three strokes and wiped dry by handkerchiefs or towels and it is tabooed to toss the hands to wipe off the water. When eating the steamed bun or Nan, it is required to divide them into small pieces and it is forbidden to take the whole one at one hand to eat. It is tabooed to litter the crumbs and is required to pick up and put on the table. It is tabooed to take the food using the left hand. It is tabooed to trample on the salt and the food.
2. While sitting and sleeping. It is required to kneel down in the room and it is tabooed to put the two legs straight and put the arches of your feet towards others. It is tabooed to lie down with the head towards the east while the feet towards the west and lie low on their back with your arms and legs straightly forward to let the arches of the feet point towards the west.
3. While relieving oneself. It is tabooed to relieve oneself towards the sun or the moon or near the trees, the river and dams.
4.While talking. It is tabooed to spit, blow the nose, yarn and break wind.
5.While accepting something. It is tabooed to accept something using one hand, and the left one in particular, and it is required to take something using two hands together.
（五）Women Taboo
On the occasion of holding ceremonies, attending parties and treating others, it is tabooed for the women Uyghur to have meal with the male at the same table. It is also forbidden for women to go into the mosque, to attend a funeral, to go into the cemetery and to attend the ceremony of circumcision.
（六）Funeral Taboo
No matter who died, male or female, it is forbidden to bury anything together with the dead. It is tabooed to bury the dead with a coffin and it is required to put the dead body directly into the earth and it is tabooed to put the dead with the head towards the east and the feet towards the west. It is forbidden for the family members of the dead to do hairdressing, to shave the moustache, and to go out for entertainment within 40 days.
二、Roots of the taboos in Uyghur
Taboo is a religious and compulsory customs and regulations by virtue of the symbolic signs or codes shared along generations by generations through the contact between the nature and the man, the society and the human and human being’s communication. In Uyghur, there are various taboos as the above-mentioned. This article, from various ancient religion beliefs in Uyghur, is to clarify the root causes of the taboos in Uyghur.
（一）Nature Worship
It is a natural phenomenon for the human beings from the ancient time to worship the big natural world. While believing in Islam, the Uyghur also believe in some other primitive religions like Samna, Buddhism, etc. before and nowadays some religious influences still remains in the Uyghur’s daily life. They believe that everything in the nature has spirits and divide them into good gods and evil gods. Good gods can bring good luck and evil gods can bring bad luck. They taboo some foods, some behaviors because they think that their words and deeds can respond to the good gods or bad gods and can bring them good luck or bad luck. Therefore no matter when they pray to the good gods in piety or keep a distance away from the evil gods, there are feelings of being afraid to irritate the spirits or gods. And when it comes to the words and deeds, the Uyghur are very careful not to violate the taboos. In addition, taboos not only guide people in what things they should not do, but also imply that people are to be punished if they violate the taboos. This may explain whey people regulate their words and deeds subconsciously. The reason is to avoid asking for troubles so as not to be punished. There are several spirits the Uyghur worship and some taboos are related to the spirits they adore.